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Collision Theory

Reaction rates depend on the frequency of collisions between reactant molecules, influenced by factors like temperature and orientation.

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The statement of the theorem

Let

Z

be the collision frequency between species

A

and

B

. The rate constant

k

for the reaction

A + B \rightarrow Products

is given by the product of the collision frequency

Z

and the steric factor

P

and the Boltzmann factor

f(E)

k = P \frac{Z}{N} e^{-E_a/RT}

where

N

is the number density of reactants,

E_a

is the activation energy, and

R

is the universal gas constant.