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Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)

A control algorithm used in renewable energy inverters (e.g., solar PV) to dynamically adjust the operating point to ensure the maximum power transfer PmaxP_{max} is extracted from the source.
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The statement of the theorem

Consider the instantaneous power PP extracted from a source (e.g., solar array) as a function of the operating current II and voltage VV: P(I,V)=V∙IP(I, V) = V \bullet I. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm seeks to find the optimal operating point (Iopt,Vopt)(I_{opt}, V_{opt}) that maximizes PP. This is achieved by solving the condition: ∂P∂I∣V=Vopt=0 \frac{\partial P}{\partial I} \bigg|_{V=V_{opt}} = 0 or equivalently, by tracking the point where the instantaneous power derivative with respect to current is zero.