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Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

A measure of the purity of the synthesized AC waveform. It quantifies the ratio of RMS harmonic content to the fundamental component voltage, indicating the quality of the power output.
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The statement of the theorem

Let vout(t)v_{out}(t) be the synthesized AC voltage waveform. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is defined as the ratio of the Root Mean Square (RMS) voltage of all harmonic components (excluding the fundamental) to the RMS fundamental component voltage V1V_{1}: THD=Vh,rmsV1,rms=∑h=2∞Vh2V1 \text{THD} = \frac{V_{h, rms}}{V_{1, rms}} = \frac{\sqrt{\sum_{h=2}^{\infty} V_{h}^2}}{V_{1}} where VhV_{h} is the RMS amplitude of the hh-th harmonic component, and V1V_{1} is the fundamental component amplitude.