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Ideal Buck Converter Model

A fundamental DC-DC converter that steps down voltage. Its output voltage is regulated by the duty cycle DD: Vout=DVinηV_{out} = D \cdot V_{in} \cdot \eta, where η\eta is the efficiency.
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The statement of the theorem

For an ideal DC-DC buck converter operating in steady state, the average output voltage VoutV_{out} is determined by the duty cycle DD and the input voltage VinV_{in}:\nVout=D Vin (Ideal case)V_{out} = D \text{ } V_{in} \text{ (Ideal case)}\nIncluding efficiency η\eta, the regulated output voltage is:\nVout=D Vin ηV_{out} = D \text{ } V_{in} \text{ } \eta