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Chemical Shift

The difference in resonance frequency between two nuclei in the same molecule, reflecting the electronic environment and providing information about chemical structure.

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The statement of the theorem

Define the chemical shift

\delta

(in ppm) as the normalized difference between the resonance frequency

\nu_{sample}

of a nucleus in a specific chemical environment and the resonance frequency

\nu_{ref}

of a reference standard (e.g., TMS), relative to the spectrometer frequency

\nu_{spec}

: \n

\delta = \frac{\nu_{sample} - \nu_{ref}}{\nu_{spec}} \times 10^6

\nWhere

\nu_{sample}

and

\nu_{ref}

are measured in Hz.