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Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic

The bedrock of number theory.
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The statement of the theorem

Every integer greater than 11 either is a prime number itself or can be represented as the product of prime numbers in a unique way, up to the order of the factors.\nn=p1a1p2a2pkakn = p_1^{a_1} p_2^{a_2} \cdots p_k^{a_k}
Source: Wikipedia