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Short-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation

This refers to the observation of neutrino oscillations with extremely small mixing angles and timescales, primarily studied at short baselines.
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The statement of the theorem

For neutrino oscillations observed over a short baseline LL, the probability Pα→βP_{\alpha \to \beta} is approximated by considering the small parameter Δm2L/E\Delta m^2 L / E. The oscillation probability is generally given by: \nPα→β≈sin⁡2θeffsin⁡2(Δmeff2L4E)P_{\alpha \to \beta} \approx \sin^2 \theta_{\text{eff}} \sin^2 \left(\frac{\Delta m^2_{\text{eff}} L}{4E}\right) \nwhere θeff\theta_{\text{eff}} and Δmeff2\Delta m^2_{\text{eff}} are effective mixing angles and mass-squared differences, respectively, constrained by the short distance LL and the neutrino energy EE. This regime often requires extending the standard three-flavor model to include sterile neutrinos.
Source: Wikipedia