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Horizontal Scalability

NoSQL databases are typically designed for easy scaling by adding more nodes to the system, improving performance and capacity.
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The statement of the theorem

Consider a distributed database system D\mathcal{D} composed of NN nodes, where N={n1,n2,…,nN}N = \{n_1, n_2, \dots, n_N\}. Let RR be the total data storage requirement and TT be the required throughput. If the system is scaled horizontally, the capacity C(D)C(\mathcal{D}) is modeled as a function of the number of nodes NN and the load balancing efficiency η∈[0,1]\eta \in [0, 1]. The system achieves linear scalability if the total capacity C(N)C(N) satisfies: C(N)≥∑i=1Nci⋅η⋅LmaxC(N) \ge \sum_{i=1}^{N} c_i \cdot \eta \cdot L_{\text{max}} where cic_i is the capacity of node nin_i, and LmaxL_{\text{max}} is the maximum sustainable load per node. For perfect scalability, C(N)≈N⋅cavgC(N) \approx N \cdot c_{\text{avg}}.
Source: Wikipedia