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Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)

A visual representation of relational database design, illustrating entities, attributes, and relationships between them.
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The statement of the theorem

Let G=(V,E)G = (V, E) be a graph representing the conceptual model. The set of vertices VV is partitioned into VEV_E (Entities) and VRV_R (Relationships). For any v∉VEv \notin V_E, vv is associated with a set of attributes A(v)A(v). The set of edges EE connects vertices, where an edge e=(vi,vj)e = (v_i, v_j) is labeled by a relationship type RR, and the cardinality of ee is ∣e∣→k|e| \rightarrow k, indicating the arity of the relationship.
Source: Wikipedia