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Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS)

Measures the rate at which a consumer is willing to trade one good (x2x_2) for another (x1x_1) while maintaining the same level of utility. MRS1,2=MU1MU2=MU1MU2MRS_{1,2} = \frac{MU_1}{MU_2} = \frac{MU_1}{MU_2}.
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The statement of the theorem

The Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) between good x1x_1 and good x2x_2 is defined as the ratio of the marginal utilities, which represents the slope of the indifference curve: MRS1,2=MU1MU2=∂U/∂x1∂U/∂x2MRS_{1,2} = \frac{MU_1}{MU_2} = \frac{\partial U / \partial x_1}{\partial U / \partial x_2}
Source: Wikipedia